Cross laminated timber properties

Clt is an engineered wood panel with an odd number of softwood layers placed on top of each other at 90 and then bonded together under pressure to form structural panels with exceptional strength, dimensional stability, and rigidity. Clt is an engineered timber product with good structural properties and low environmental impact where sustainably sourced timber is used. Characterizing influence of laminate characteristics on elastic properties of cross laminated timber jan niederwestberg1, ying hei chui2 abstract. Describe the characteristics of cross laminated timber clt and its use in a range of building types. We use only environmentallyfriendly adhesives to press them into structural panels of exceptional dimensional stability and rigidity. Cross laminated timber clt was initially developed in europe as an alternative to stone, masonry and concrete construction.

Cross laminated timber clt, xlam general properties. The orthogonal, laminar structure allows its application as a fullsize wall and. A crosslaminated timber panel aka crosslam or xlam is a method of construction that uses timber to form loadbearing solid timber wall, floor and roof panels. The benefits and risks of building with cross laminated timber, few come without a caveat. Global sustainability concerns coupled with rising awareness about wood as a building material among consumers are the factors likely to boost market growth in the coming years. Dr johnson wood innovations, a subsidiary of dr johnson, specializes in the manufacture of cross laminated timber clt and glue laminated beams from douglas fir and alaskan yellow cedar using the best available lamination stock and engineered to meet specific customers needs. During 20142019, the global production of cross laminated timber grew at a cagr of around 16.

Featuring contributions from experts in the field, crosslaminated timber design. It is made up of at least four strips or sheets of sawn goods, maximum 45 mm thick, with the grain direction running along the length of the laminated timber product. Panel properties 34 appearance classifi cation 4 connection details 57 load tables 811 table of contents carbon footprint cross laminated timber clt has been manufactured in europe for over a decade. Crosslaminated timber has relatively good thermal properties. Cross laminated timber is a solid, multilayered timber construction material. Cross laminated timber clt is an engineered wood panel composed of at least three orthogonally and adhesively bonded layers of solid timber boards. Dietrich buck, a, xiaodong alice wang, a olle hagman, a and anders gustafsson b. Bending and compressive properties of crosslaminated timber. Crosslaminated timber clt is a massive engineering wood product made by gluing crosswise layers of sawn lumber to form largescale timber panels. All timber elements and factory installed connection hardware is supplied by sustainable building resources pty ltd details we design with you the structure you want to build out of cross laminated panels.

Analysis of mechanical properties of crosslaminated timber. The clt module acts like a capsule in the case of fire. Clt panels are strong and stiff, which allows them to be used in a wide range of applications. Introduction to clt, product properties, strength classes. One of the major advantages of cross laminated timber is its inherent fire resistance. It is a prefabricated engineered wood panel made of three to four layers of solidsawn lumber or composite lumber. It is essentially mass timber plates made from smaller framing lumber laminated crosswise on their wide faces. Cross laminated timber is a prefabricated, engineered wood building material with unique and often superior building, aesthetic, environmental, and cost attributes. This technology was introduced in the early 1990s in central europe schickhofer et al. Cross laminated timber clt is an engineered wood that was developed in austria in the 1970s and 1980s. For the postandbeam systems an assumption of linearity may be appropriate, but for cross laminated systems the approximation can give results on the unsafe side.

Crosslaminated timber clt the canadian wood council cwc. A rapid spread of the fire is prevented due to the solid and secure construction. Bending properties of cross laminated timber clt with a 45. First developed in switzerland in the 1970s, clt is an extension of the technology that began with plywood and may be best described as a jumbo plywood. Crosslaminating layers of wood veneer improves the structural properties of wood by distributing the alongthegrain strength of wood in both directions, and this means that clt panels can be used to form complete floors, walls and roofs. Bending properties of cross laminated timber clt with a 45 alternating layer configuration. To better understand the properties and benefits of clt, we talked with jorge calderon, industrial designer and crulamm manager. All you need to know about cross laminated timber clt. While they can be curved or straight, the grains are always aligned in one direction. Jan 28, 2020 crosslaminated timber buildings have been shown to exceed statutory requirements ref 4, p. Properties crosslaminated timber or xlam is a multilayered, completely solid panel crosslaminated from 1545mm solid spruce boards to a thickness of 70mm350mm. Peek inside the tallest crosslaminated timber building in. Get it today with same day delivery, order pickup or drive up.

Cross laminated timber was chosen as the primary building material, as opposed to concrete, because of the developers desire to create an environmentally friendly building constructed from. Bending tests were conducted with cross laminated timber clt panels made using an alternating layer arrangement. Crosslaminated timber clt is a largescale, prefabricated, solid engineered wood panel. This comprehensive guide explains the design standards, safety protocols, and codes and regulations engineers need to know to use cross laminated timber as a structural building material. Cross laminated timber an introduction to lowimpact building materials andy sutton and daniel black, bre pete walker, university of bath this information paper provides a broad view of the benefits and limitations of cross laminated timber clt for those considering its use in construction projects. Cross laminated timber clt by stora enso is a massive wood construction product consisting of at least three singlelayer panels that are bonded together crosswise. Clt is a revolutionary building system that substitutes. If you have been checking recent timberbased construction projects, then you have probably come upon this acronym a few times.

Gluelaminated timber glulam is when laminates are glued together by layering them with the grain, which produces larger and longer length members. Laminated timber is the result of joining boards to form a single structural unit. Dietrich buck, a, xiaodong alice wang, a olle hagman, a and anders gustafsson b bending tests were conducted with cross laminated timber clt panels made using an alternating layer arrangement. Innovations in mass timber construction are offering new opportunities for the building industry. Cross laminated timber clt is a massive engineering wood product made by gluing cross wise layers of sawn lumber to form largescale timber panels. Lightweight yet very strong, with superior acoustic, fire, seismic, and thermal performance, clt is also fast and easy to install, generating almost no waste onsite. In other words, clt is a precracked composite where. Compressive strength properties perpendicular to the grain. Crosslaminated timber clt is an engineered wood panel made of laminae with thicknesses of around 20 to 60 mm, which are laminated orthogonally to the fiber direction to resist in the positive direction of the load song and hong 2018.

Structural properties, standards, and safety by mustafa mahamid at target. Describe the characteristics of cross laminated timber clt and its use in a. Characteristic and calculated values of clt components. Featuring contributions from experts in the field, cross laminated timber design. Crosslaminated timber is manufactured mainly from spruce, but it may include a percentage of pine or larch, and possibly hardwood. Crosslaminated timber products and systems think wood.

Crosslaminated timber clt is an innovative engineering wood panel product made from gluing layers of solidsawn lumber at perpendicular angles. Laminated timber is a structural wood product made from strips of wood glued together. What it is and how to use it madeira laminada cruzada. Products such as cross laminated timber clt and glue laminated timber glulam combine multiple laminations of lumber to produce solid timber elements such. Bending properties of cross laminated timber clt with a. Cross laminated timber is engineered wood, using the latest innovative techniques, for maximum durability. In this study, threelayered crosslaminated timber clt manufactured from acacia mangium wood panels were developed by using two. The cross section of a clt panel usually consists of three to seven glued layers of dimension lumbers placed in orthogonally alternating orientation to the neighboring layers. The penticton lakeside resort expanded its facilities with a sixstory building, adding 70 units to the lakeside property. To achieve our high material characteristics, all timber.

Cross laminated timber properties including effects of nonglued. One reason for this development is the commercial launch of the innovative laminar timber product cross laminated timber clt, a quasirigid composite, platelike engineered timber product, which is commonly. Part of a new product category known as massive or mass timber, it is made from several layers of lumber board, stacked crosswise usually at 90 degree angles and glued together on their wide faces. These three letters stand for cross laminated timber which is an engineeredwood product that promises to take woodbased construction to a whole new level. Structurlam provided the cross laminated timber, used in. Thanks to its excellent physical and mechanical properties, this laminar timber material has both exceptional thermal insulation properties and can also dissipate loads in several directions. Dr johnson wood innovations, a subsidiary of dr johnson, specializes in the manufacture of crosslaminated timber clt and gluelaminated beams from douglas fir and alaskan yellow cedar using the best available lamination stock and engineered to meet specific customers needs. The recent serendipitous explosion of cross laminated timber clt structures in the pacific northwest seems to pay homage to our states history as a leader in the timber industry. For all the advantages discussed in part 1 of this series part 1. Benefits and risks of building with cross laminated timber.

Aug 20, 2019 when cross laminated timber clt first came out, everyone thought it was the greatest thing since sliced wood. While clt is a timber product, it should not be thought. Crosslaminated timber is a prefabricated, engineered wood building material with unique and often superior building, aesthetic, environmental, and cost attributes. Crosslaminated timber clt a subcategory of engineered wood is a wood panel product made from gluing layers of solidsawn lumber together. Cross laminated timber clt is the engineered wood of the future and is making the construction of entire buildings from timber a reality. Peek inside the tallest crosslaminated timber building in the us. You will get clear explanations of all relevant nds, asce 7, and ibc provisions along with real. Crosslaminated timber clt is a wood panel system that is gaining popularity across the. The element connections are impervious to gas and smoke and the fire cannot spread. Crosslaminated timber clt is also known as xlam or massive timber. All you need to know about cross laminated timber clt arch2o. Properties of cross laminated timber clt in compression perpendicular to grain. Analysis of mechanical properties of cross laminated timber clt with plywood using korean larch. A crosslaminated timber panel aka crosslam or xlam is a method of construction that uses timber to form loadbearing solid timber wall, floor and roof.

Master the practice of designing structures with cross laminated timber. A cross laminated timber panel aka crosslam or xlam is a method of construction that uses timber to form loadbearing solid timber wall, floor and roof panels. May 14, 2018 crosslaminated timber clt and gluelaminated timber glulam are both engineered wood products that are commonly used for prefabricated structural applications in mass timber construction. Owing to the excellent structural rigidity in both orthogonal directions, clt becomes a preferred construction material for. After 30 years of intensive research and development, clt are gaining popularity as construction materials in residential and nonresidential applications particularly in europe. Then nail laminated timber nlt came back from the dead and dowel laminated timber. Jul 30, 2018 with the cross laminated timber clt market expected to reach 1.

Panels typically consist of three, five, seven or nine alternating layers of dimension lumber. Mechanical and physical properties of crosslaminated timber. Crosslaminated timber construction structural timber association. Our toprated real estate agents in cross timber are local experts and are ready to answer your questions about properties, neighborhoods, schools, and the newest listings for sale in cross timber. Is crosslaminated timber clt the concrete of the future. Mechanical properties of southern pine crosslaminated timber. Crosslam timber clt fire resistance and rating one of the major advantages of cross laminated timber is its inherent fire resistance. For construction grade clt, the timber that has better structural properties will be used in the interior layers of the clt panel while the two. Cross laminated timber market size global clt industry. Crosslaminated timber clt designing buildings wiki. Laminated timber is an engineered wood product that constitutes two or more pieces of timber laminated together.

For the unfamiliar, clt is a type of structural timber product composed of dimensional timber layers bonded together with structural adhesives. Cross laminated timber clt is a new type of timber structural system that has just been introduced in north america, but has been used successfully in europe for over 20 years. Crosslaminated timber clt is a proprietary engineered wood product that is prefabricated using several layers of kilndried lumber, laid flatwise, and glued together on their wide faces. Structural openings, such as doors and windows, are incorporated within the panels. Sponsored by rethink wood, american wood council, and. Eight storeys of cross laminated timber clt providing the primary structural frame gave the industry a clear demonstration of the capabilities of engineered timber buildings. Compared to other types of hardwood, clt is more stable and its mechanical properties are less variable.

Finally, the relationship between stiffness and mass for cross laminated timber systems and its effect on dynamic properties needs to be further investigated. You will get clear explanations of all relevant nds, asce 7, and ibc provisions along with realworld examples and case studies. Crosslaminated timber clt is when layers of timber, known as lamellas, are glued together with the grain alternating at 90 degree angles for each layer. Abstract cross laminated timber clt has become a wellknown engineered timber product of global interest. Cross laminated timber clt a subcategory of engineered wood is a wood panel product made from gluing together layers of solidsawn lumber, i. Crosslaminated timber clt by stora enso is a massive wood construction product consisting of at least three singlelayer panels that are bonded together crosswise. Durable bonding of the cross wise layered construction made of highquality raw material guarantees that the components are absolutely dimensionally. Chul choi, a erina kojima, b kyungjung kim, a mariko yamasaki, b yasutoshi sasaki, b and seoggoo kang a. Our cross timber real estate stats and trends will give you more information about home buying and selling trends in cross timber. Each layer of boards is usually oriented perpendicular to adjacent layers and glued on the wide faces of each board, usually in a symmetric way so that the outer layers have the same orientation. Dynamic properties of crosslaminated timber and timber truss. Clt cross laminated timber is a solid, static loadbearing timber panel that is ideal for many structural requirements thanks to its flexible dimensions and outstanding physical properties. Table 1 indicates some typical characteristics of different forms of largevolume engineered wood panel products. Cross laminated timber diaphragms under shear advances.

Cross laminated timber clt is usually made by laminating three or more timber layers such that grain directions in alternate layers are at right angles to each other. Cross laminated timber market research report 20202025. Clt can serve as a systembased approach for floors, walls, and roofs to form a highperformance, sustainable, and beautiful mass timber building of virtually any type. Aug 19, 2019 to better understand the properties and benefits of clt, we talked with jorge calderon, industrial designer and crulamm manager. With the cross laminated timber clt market expected to reach 1. A basic overview of the manufacture, specification, and applications of crosslaminated timber clt, including technical publications and a list of clt. Structural properties, standards, and safety introduces the material properties of clt and goes on to cover the recommended lateral and vertical design techniques. Cross laminated timber clt, xlam advantages of cross laminated timber construction. Each layer of boards is usually oriented perpendicular to adjacent layers and glued on the wide faces of each board, usually in a symmetric way so that the outer.

Typical section of a cross laminated timber panel source. Crosslaminated timber an introduction to lowimpact building materials andy sutton and daniel black, bre pete walker, university of bath this information paper provides a broad view of the benefits and limitations of crosslaminated timber clt for those considering its use in construction projects. Finally, the relationship between stiffness and mass for cross laminated timber systems and its effect on dynamic properties. Clt offers design flexibility and low environmental impacts. Clt can be designed to accommodate substantial fire resistance and unlike steel remains structurally stable when subjected to high temperatures. Properties of cross laminated timber clt in compression perpendicular to grain conference paper pdf available september 2014 with 1,811 reads how we measure reads. Cross laminated timber clt is a proprietary engineered wood product that is prefabricated using several layers of kilndried lumber, laid flatwise, and glued together on their wide faces. Cross laminated timber properties including effects of non. Cross laminated timber can, depending on the manufacturer, be constructed in up to 27 layers of which some may be glued together with parallel grain. Pdf properties, testing and design of cross laminated timber. This material possesses outofplane and inplane features making it interesting for many applications such as shear. When the stadthaus building in murray grove, london was constructed in 2009, it became the largest timber frame residential building in the world. Jan 02, 2019 crosslaminated timber was chosen as the primary building material, as opposed to concrete, because of the developers desire to create an environmentally friendly building constructed from. Cross laminated timber is an engineered wood product that is typically made of an uneven number of rigidly and orthogonally connected layers.

The risks associated with using clt are similar to those of other prefabricated components, versus the usual wood frame risks. Abstractcrosslaminated timber clt is a novel wood building material suitable for floor, roof, and wall assemblies in low and midrise. Mechanical and physical properties of crosslaminated. Bending and compressive properties of crosslaminated. Trada the spruce tree is used to make clt panels as it is fast growing, easy to work with and has good strength due to its long cellulose fibres. The global cross laminated timber market size was valued at usd 558. Clts shear strength affords designers a host of new uses for wood. Cross laminated timber clt is usually comprised of multiple timber layers having alternating grain directions. Glue is applied between the layers on timber faces, but, most commonly, no glue is applied on timber edges within layers. Properties of clt panels are influenced by the properties of their layers and the layer properties are in turn influenced by the structural characteristics of the laminate material.